וְהֹותַרְתִּ֤י מֵהֶם֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י מִסְפָּ֔ר מֵחֶ֖רֶב מֵרָעָ֣ב וּמִדָּ֑בֶר לְמַ֨עַן יְסַפְּר֜וּ אֶת־כָּל־תֹּועֲבֹֽותֵיהֶ֗ם בַּגֹּויִם֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ שָׁ֔ם וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ
And I will leave of them men of number from the sword, from the famine, and from the pestilence, in order that they may recount all their abominations among the nations where they go, and they shall know that I am YHWH.
Morphology
- וְהֹותַרְתִּי (ve-hōtartī) — Root: יתר; Form: Hifil perfect 1st person common singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And I will leave”; Notes: Hifil causative — YHWH causes a remnant to remain.
- מֵהֶם (mēhem) — Root: הם; Form: Preposition מִן + third person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of them”; Notes: Indicates a portion will survive.
- אַנְשֵׁי (ʾanshē) — Root: אנשׁ; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “men of”; Notes: Construct phrase linking to “number.”
- מִסְפָּר (mispar) — Root: ספר; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “number”; Notes: Indicates a small, countable remnant.
- מֵחֶרֶב (mēḥerev) — Root: חרב; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular; Translation: “from the sword”; Notes: Escape from violent death.
- מֵרָעָב (mērāʿāv) — Root: רעב; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the famine”; Notes: Escape from starvation.
- וּמִדָּבֶר (u-midāver) — Root: דבר (in sense of pestilence); Form: Conjunction + preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and from the pestilence”; Notes: Escape from plague or disease.
- לְמַעַן (lemaʿan) — Root: Particle; Form: Preposition; Translation: “in order that”; Notes: Introduces purpose clause.
- יְסַפְּרוּ (yesapperū) — Root: ספר; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they may recount”; Notes: Piel denotes intensive action, openly declaring.
- אֶת־כָּל־תֹּועֲבֹותֵיהֶם (ʾet-kol-toʿăvōtēhem) — Root: תעב; Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “all their abominations”; Notes: Refers to detestable practices.
- בַּגֹּויִם (ba-gōyim) — Root: גוי; Form: Preposition ב + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Location where their sins will be exposed.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) — Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “where / which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- בָּאוּ (bāʾū) — Root: בוא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they came”; Notes: Refers to arrival in foreign nations.
- שָׁם (shām) — Root: שם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Locative reference.
- וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yādəʿū) — Root: ידע; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall know”; Notes: Recognition of YHWH’s sovereignty through judgment.
- כִּי (ki) — Root: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of knowledge.
- אֲנִי (ʾănī) — Root: Independent pronoun; Form: 1st person common singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: Divine name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal God, whose judgment reveals His identity.