בְּרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹחַ֮ אֶרְצֶ֣ה אֶתְכֶם֒ בְּהֹוצִיאִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ מִן־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים וְקִבַּצְתִּ֣י אֶתְכֶ֔ם מִן־הָ֣אֲרָצֹ֔ות אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְפֹצֹתֶ֖ם בָּ֑ם וְנִקְדַּשְׁתִּ֥י בָכֶ֖ם לְעֵינֵ֥י הַגֹּויִֽם׃
As a soothing aroma I will accept you, when I bring you out from the peoples and I gather you from the lands where you were scattered among them, and I will be sanctified in you before the eyes of the nations.
Morphology
- בְּרֵיחַ (be-reyaḥ) – Root: רֵיחַ; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as an aroma”; Notes: Instrumental/associative use of בְּ marking the manner of acceptance, echoing sacrificial language.
- נִיחֹחַ (niḥoaḥ) – Root: נוח; Form: Noun masculine singular in apposition; Translation: “soothing/pleasing”; Notes: Fixed cultic collocation “pleasing aroma,” denoting divine acceptance.
- אֶרְצֶה (ʾertzeh) – Root: רצה; Form: Qal imperfect 1cs; Translation: “I will accept”; Notes: Volitional/future sense; YHWH’s favorable regard toward the people.
- אֶתְכֶם (ʾetkhem) – Root: את; Form: Object marker with 2mp pronominal suffix; Translation: “you (pl.)”; Notes: Marks the direct object of acceptance.
- בְּהֹוצִיאִי (be-hotsiʾi) – Root: יצא; Form: Preposition בְּ + Hifil infinitive construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “when I bring out”; Notes: Temporal/contingent clause: acceptance occurs in the act of YHWH bringing them out.
- אֶתְכֶם (ʾetkhem) – Root: את; Form: Object marker with 2mp suffix; Translation: “you (pl.)”; Notes: Repeats the direct object for clarity and emphasis.
- מִן־הָעַמִּים (min-haʿammim) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition מִן + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “from the peoples”; Notes: Denotes dispersion context among many nations.
- וְקִבַּצְתִּי (ve-kibbatshti) – Root: קבץ; Form: Qal perfect 1cs with waw consecutive (future narrative); Translation: “and I will gather”; Notes: Promise of regathering; perfect with consecutive וְ projects future action.
- אֶתְכֶם (ʾetkhem) – Root: את; Form: Object marker with 2mp suffix; Translation: “you (pl.)”; Notes: Third mention underscores the people as the consistent object of YHWH’s actions.
- מִן־הָאֲרָצֹות (min-haʾaratsot) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition מִן + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “from the lands”; Notes: Plural highlights the wide geographic scope of exile.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “where/which”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause modifying “lands.”
- נְפֹצֹתֶם (nefotzotem) – Root: פוץ; Form: Niphal perfect 2mp; Translation: “you were scattered”; Notes: Niphal passive/resultative of dispersion; addresses the audience directly.
- בָּם (bam) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition בְּ + third mp suffix; Translation: “in them/among them”; Notes: Locative reference to those lands.
- וְנִקְדַּשְׁתִּי (ve-nikdashti) – Root: קדשׁ; Form: Niphal perfect 1cs with waw consecutive (future passive): “and I will be sanctified”; Translation: “and I will be sanctified”; Notes: Divine self-vindication through his acts toward his people.
- בָכֶם (vakhem) – Root: ב; Form: Preposition בְּ + second mp suffix; Translation: “in/through you”; Notes: Israel functions as the medium by which the nations perceive YHWH’s holiness.
- לְעֵינֵי (le-ʿeinei) – Root: עין; Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “before the eyes of”; Notes: Idiom of public visibility/witness.
- הַגֹּויִם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: International audience that will recognize YHWH’s sanctity through his restoration.