Ezekiel 32:27

וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ אֶת־גִּבֹּורִ֔ים נֹפְלִ֖ים מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרְדֽוּ־שְׁאֹ֣ול בִּכְלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אֶת־חַרְבֹותָ֜ם תַּ֣חַת רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַתְּהִ֤י עֲוֹֽנֹתָם֙ עַל־עַצְמֹותָ֔ם כִּֽי־חִתִּ֥ית גִּבֹּורִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃

And they shall not lie with the mighty, those fallen from among the uncircumcised, who went down to Sheol with their weapons of war; and they placed their swords under their heads, and their iniquities were upon their bones, because they caused terror of the mighty in the land of the living.

Morphology

1. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces a negated clause, denying shared rest with the mighty dead.
2. יִשְׁכְּבוּ (yishkevu) – Root: שׁכב (shakav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall lie”; Notes: Refers to lying in death or burial; expresses exclusion from honorable resting places.
3. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “the mighty.”
4. גִּבֹּורִים (gibborim) – Root: גבר (gavar); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “mighty ones”; Notes: Refers to warriors or heroes renowned for strength in battle.
5. נֹפְלִים (nofelim) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “those fallen”; Notes: Describes those slain in combat, often in poetic references to the dead.
6. מֵעֲרֵלִים (me-ʿarelim) – Root: ערל (ʿarel); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural; Translation: “from among the uncircumcised”; Notes: Denotes exclusion or distinction—separated from pagan nations even in death.
7. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces the clause describing those descending to Sheol.
8. יָרְדוּ־שְׁאֹול (yardu-sheʾol) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural + noun feminine singular; Translation: “they went down to Sheol”; Notes: Common idiom for descending to the realm of the dead.
9. בִּכְלֵי־מִלְחַמְתָּם (bi-khlei-milḥamtam) – Root: כלי (kheli), לחם (laḥam); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine plural construct + noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “with their weapons of war”; Notes: Refers to being buried with military equipment, symbolizing warrior status.
10. וַיִּתְּנוּ (va-yittnu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they placed”; Notes: Describes ritual burial action—placing swords under the head as a sign of honor.
11. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the direct object “their swords.”
12. חַרְבֹותָם (ḥarbōtam) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their swords”; Notes: The weapons of the fallen warriors, placed as funerary symbols.
13. תַּחַת (taḥat) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Indicates spatial relationship—beneath their heads.
14. רָאשֵׁיהֶם (roshehem) – Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their heads”; Notes: Part of burial imagery, depicting honor among fallen soldiers.
15. וַתְּהִי (va-tehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and there was / and it became”; Notes: Introduces the resulting condition—sin resting upon their bones.
16. עֲוֹנֹתָם (ʿavonotam) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their iniquities”; Notes: Symbolizes the moral weight or guilt they carried into death.
17. עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Denotes the resting or overlaying of guilt upon their remains.
18. עַצְמֹותָם (ʿatsmotam) – Root: עצם (ʿetsem); Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their bones”; Notes: Physical remains symbolizing both mortality and lasting guilt.
19. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Provides the reason for their punishment and infamy.
20. חִתִּית (ḥittit) – Root: חתת (ḥatat); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “terror”; Notes: Refers to dread or fear they inspired among others in life.
21. גִּבֹּורִים (gibborim) – Root: גבר (gavar); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of the mighty”; Notes: Describes their former status as fearsome warriors.
22. בְּאֶרֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Indicates the sphere of their power and terror during life.
23. חַיִּים (ḥayyim) – Root: חיה (ḥayah); Form: Noun masculine plural (plural of abstraction); Translation: “of the living”; Notes: Contrasts the living realm with Sheol, emphasizing their downfall from renown to shame.