Ezekiel 37:23

וְלֹ֧א יִֽטַמְּא֣וּ עֹ֗וד בְּגִלּֽוּלֵיהֶם֙ וּבְשִׁקּ֣וּצֵיהֶ֔ם וּבְכֹ֖ל פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֑ם וְהֹושַׁעְתִּ֣י אֹתָ֗ם מִכֹּ֤ל מֹושְׁבֹֽתֵיהֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָטְא֣וּ בָהֶ֔ם וְטִהַרְתִּ֤י אֹותָם֙ וְהָיוּ־לִ֣י לְעָ֔ם וַאֲנִ֕י אֶהְיֶ֥ה לָהֶ֖ם לֵאלֹהִֽים׃

And they shall no longer defile themselves with their idols, nor with their detestable things, nor with any of their transgressions; and I will save them from all their dwelling places where they have sinned, and I will purify them, and they shall be My people, and I will be their God.

Morphology

1. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + negation particle לֹא; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces the negation of former sinful behavior.
2. יִטַמְּאוּ (yitamməʾu) – Root: טמא (ṭaméʾ); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall defile”; Notes: Intensive form indicating moral and ritual corruption that will cease.
3. עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “again” or “any more”; Notes: Expresses permanent cessation of defilement.
4. בְּגִלּוּלֵיהֶם (be-gillulehem) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “with their idols”; Notes: From the root meaning “to roll,” used contemptuously for lifeless idols.
5. וּבְשִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם (u-ve-shikkuṣehem) – Root: שׁקץ (shaqats); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “nor with their detestable things”; Notes: Refers to abominable practices or objects linked with idolatry.
6. וּבְכֹל (u-ve-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “nor with all”; Notes: Introduces an inclusive scope covering every form of sin.
7. פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם (pishʿehem) – Root: פשׁע (pashaʿ); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their transgressions”; Notes: Refers to deliberate rebellion or violations of covenant law.
8. וְהֹושַׁעְתִּי (ve-hoshaʿti) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will save”; Notes: Causative form meaning “to cause to be delivered”—YHWH’s act of rescue from sin and exile.
9. אֹתָם (ʾotam) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the redeemed people of Yisraʾel.
10. מִכֹּל (mi-khol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from all”; Notes: Indicates complete deliverance from every corrupt influence.
11. מֹושְׁבֹתֵיהֶם (moshevotehem) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their dwelling places”; Notes: Refers to places where they lived in exile and sin.
12. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “where”; Notes: Introduces a clause specifying the locations of their sins.
13. חָטְאוּ (ḥatʾu) – Root: חטא (ḥataʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have sinned”; Notes: Refers to collective guilt of Yisraʾel’s moral and spiritual failure.
14. בָהֶם (bahem) – Root: —; Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “in them”; Notes: Indicates the context or sphere of their sin—within those very places of exile.
15. וְטִהַרְתִּי (ve-tiharti) – Root: טהר (ṭahar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will purify”; Notes: Denotes ceremonial and moral cleansing by divine initiative.
16. אֹותָם (ʾotam) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers again to the people being spiritually purified.
17. וְהָיוּ־לִי (ve-hayu-li) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition לְ + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “and they shall be to Me”; Notes: Covenant formula indicating renewed relationship with YHWH.
18. לְעָם (le-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as a people”; Notes: Completes the covenantal declaration “They shall be My people.”
19. וַאֲנִי (va-ʾani) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “and I”; Notes: Contrasts YHWH’s faithful role in the covenant.
20. אֶהְיֶה (ʾehyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “will be”; Notes: Same root as the divine name YHWH—emphasizing His eternal presence.
21. לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: —; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Indicates the reciprocal aspect of the covenant—God belongs to His people as they to Him.
22. לֵאלֹהִים (le-ʾelohim) – Root: אלה (ʾalah); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine plural (with singular sense); Translation: “as God”; Notes: Culminates the covenantal formula: YHWH as their divine ruler and protector.