כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁנֵ֣ים עָשָׂ֑ר וְ֠זֹאת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֨ר לָהֶ֤ם אֲבִיהֶם֙ וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֹותָ֔ם אִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר כְּבִרְכָתֹ֖ו בֵּרַ֥ךְ אֹתָֽם׃
All these are the tribes of Yisraʾel, twelve in number, and this is what their father spoke to them. He blessed them, each according to his blessing, he blessed them.
Morphology
- כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה (kol-eleh) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, construct state with demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “all these”; Notes: Refers collectively to the twelve tribes.
- שִׁבְטֵ֥י (shivtei) – Root: שבט (shevet); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “tribes of”; Notes: Indicates the twelve divisions of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation or the patriarch Ya’acov.
- שְׁנֵ֣ים (shenem) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Numeral, masculine dual; Translation: “twelve”; Notes: Indicates the total number of tribes.
- עָשָׂ֑ר (‘asar) – Root: עשר (‘asar); Form: Numeral, masculine singular; Translation: “twelve”; Notes: Completes the count of the tribes.
- וְ֠זֹאת (vezot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “and this”; Notes: Refers to the blessings spoken by Ya’acov.
- אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֨ר (asher-diber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Relative pronoun with verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “that he spoke”; Notes: Describes Ya’acov’s speech to his sons.
- לָהֶ֤ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition with pronominal suffix, 3mp; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the twelve sons of Ya’acov.
- וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ (vayevarekh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Verb, Piel, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he blessed”; Notes: Indicates Ya’acov’s act of blessing his sons.
- אֹותָ֔ם (otam) – Root: את (‘et); Form: Direct object marker with pronominal suffix, 3mp; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the sons being blessed.
- אִ֛ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Specifies individuality in the blessings.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (‘asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “according to”; Notes: Links the blessings to their individual recipients.
- כְּבִרְכָתֹ֖ו (kevirkhato) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with pronominal suffix, 3ms; Translation: “his blessing”; Notes: Indicates the specific blessing given to each son.
- בֵּרַ֥ךְ (berekh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he blessed”; Notes: Concludes the act of blessing.
- אֹתָֽם׃ (otam) – Root: את (‘et); Form: Direct object marker with pronominal suffix, 3mp; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Ya’acov’s sons as the recipients of the blessings.