וְאֵ֣לֶּה הַדְּבָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְאֶל־יְהוּדָֽה׃
And these are the words that YHWH spoke to Yisraʾel and to Yehuda:
Morphology
- וְאֵלֶּה (ve-elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Conjunction וְ + demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “and these”; Notes: Introduces a list or statement of specific items.
- הַדְּבָרִים (ha-devarim) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the words”; Notes: Refers to specific statements or messages from YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a clause defining “the words.”
- דִּבֶּר (dibber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “spoke”; Notes: Piel adds emphasis or formality to the act of speaking.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (possibly from hayah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal covenant name of God in the Hebrew Bible.
- אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵל (ʾel-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “to Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people, sometimes the northern kingdom specifically.
- וְאֶל־יְהוּדָה (ve-ʾel-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition אֶל + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “and to Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the southern kingdom of the divided monarchy.