כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַל־בָּתֵּי֙ הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את וְעַל־בָּתֵּ֖י מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה הַנְּתֻצִ֕ים אֶל־הַסֹּלְלֹ֖ות וְאֶל־הֶחָֽרֶב׃
For thus said YHWH, the God of Yisraʾel, concerning the houses of this city and concerning the houses of the kings of Yehuda, the ones broken down to face the siege ramps and the sword:
Morphology
- כִּי֩ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal or explanatory clause.
- כֹ֨ה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Introduces the divine message.
- אָמַ֤ר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the speaker.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- אֱלֹהֵ֣י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Construct plural noun masculine + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Construct form links to the following noun.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people or nation associated with YHWH.
- עַל־בָּתֵּי֙ (ʿal-battei) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition עַל + construct plural masculine; Translation: “concerning the houses of”; Notes: Prepositional phrase introducing the subject of the oracle.
- הָעִ֣יר (ha-ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the city”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim.
- הַזֹּ֔את (hazot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “the city.”
- וְעַל־בָּתֵּ֖י (ve-ʿal-battei) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Conjunction + preposition + construct plural masculine; Translation: “and concerning the houses of”; Notes: Continuation of previous clause.
- מַלְכֵ֣י (malkhei) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Construct plural masculine; Translation: “kings of”; Notes: Governs the following noun “Yehudah.”
- יְהוּדָ֑ה (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the southern kingdom of Yisraʾel.
- הַנְּתֻצִ֕ים (han-netutsim) – Root: נץ (natsats); Form: Pual participle masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the ones broken down”; Notes: Pual expresses passive intensive action, describing destruction.
- אֶל־הַסֹּלְלֹ֖ות (el-ha-sollelot) – Root: סלל (salal); Form: Preposition אֶל + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “to the siege ramps”; Notes: Military term referring to earthen ramps built by besiegers.
- וְאֶל־הֶחָֽרֶב (ve-el-heḥarev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Conjunction + preposition אֶל + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and to the sword”; Notes: Indicates the threat or consequence of destruction.