Jeremiah 8:1

בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֣יא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה ויציאו אֶת־עַצְמֹ֣ות מַלְכֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֣ה וְאֶת־עַצְמֹות־שָׂרָיו֩ וְאֶת־עַצְמֹ֨ות הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת עַצְמֹ֣ות הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וְאֵ֛ת עַצְמֹ֥ות יֹושְׁבֵֽי־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֖ם מִקִּבְרֵיהֶֽם׃

“At that time,” declares YHWH, “they shall bring out the bones of the kings of Yehuda, and the bones of its princes, and the bones of the priests, and the bones of the prophets, and the bones of the inhabitants of Yerushalayim from their graves.

Morphology

1. בָּעֵ֣ת (ba-ʿet) – Root: עת; Form: Preposition + feminine singular noun; Translation: “At the time”; Notes: Introduces a prophetic timeframe.
2. הַהִ֣יא (ha-hiʾ) – Root: הוא; Form: Definite article + demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers to a future period of judgment.
3. נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Construct noun + divine name; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Formal marker of prophetic speech.
4. וְיֹצִיאוּ (ve-yotsiu) – Root: יצא; Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav; Translation: “and they shall bring out”; Notes: Causative action indicating desecration of graves.
5. אֶת־עַצְמֹ֣ות (et-ʿatsmot) – Root: עצם; Form: Direct object marker + feminine plural noun; Translation: “the bones of”; Notes: Repeated throughout the verse to emphasize widespread disgrace.
6. מַלְכֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֣ה (malkei-Yehudah) – Roots: מלך, יהודה; Form: Construct plural noun + proper noun; Translation: “the kings of Yehudah”; Notes: Royal lineage desecrated.
7. וְאֶת־עַצְמֹות־שָׂרָיו֩ (ve-et-ʿatsmot-sarav) – Roots: עצם, שר; Form: Conjunction + direct object + construct noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and the bones of its princes”; Notes: Political leaders of Yehudah.
8. וְאֶת־עַצְמֹ֨ות הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים (ve-et-ʿatsmot ha-kohanim) – Roots: עצם, כהן; Form: Conjunction + direct object + construct noun + definite plural noun; Translation: “and the bones of the priests”; Notes: Religious leaders included in judgment.
9. וְאֵ֣ת עַצְמֹ֣ות הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים (ve-et-ʿatsmot ha-neviʾim) – Roots: עצם, נבא; Form: Conjunction + direct object + construct noun + definite plural noun; Translation: “and the bones of the prophets”; Notes: Even prophetic figures are not spared.
10. וְאֵ֛ת עַצְמֹ֥ות יֹושְׁבֵֽי־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֖ם (ve-et-ʿatsmot yoshvei-Yerushalayim) – Roots: עצם, ישׁב; Form: Conjunction + direct object + construct noun + participle + proper noun; Translation: “and the bones of the inhabitants of Yerushalayim”; Notes: All segments of society are defiled in death.
11. מִקִּבְרֵיהֶֽם (mi-qivreihem) – Root: קבר; Form: Preposition + plural construct noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from their graves”; Notes: Highlights the shame of exhumation and divine judgment.