וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לִשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָֽיְתָה־זֹּ֣את עִמָּ֔ךְ וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֨רְתָּ֙ בְּרִיתִ֣י וְחֻקֹּתַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי עָלֶ֑יךָ קָרֹ֨עַ אֶקְרַ֤ע אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וּנְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְעַבְדֶּֽךָ׃
And YHWH said to Shelomo, “Because this has been with you, and you have not kept My covenant and My statutes which I commanded you, tearing I will tear the kingdom from upon you and will give it to your servant.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ.m.r); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Introduces divine speech.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the following oracle.
- לִשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה (li-Shelomoh) – Root: שלם (sh.l.m); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Shelomoh”; Notes: Addressee of the message.
- יַ֚עַן (yaʿan) – Root: ען (ʿ.n); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Because”; Notes: Introduces the reason clause.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of “because.”
- הָֽיְתָה־זֹּ֣את (hayetah-zot) – Root: היה (h.y.h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular + demonstrative; Translation: “this has been”; Notes: Refers to Shelomoh’s disloyalty.
- עִמָּ֔ךְ (ʿimmakh) – Root: עם (ʿ.m); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Indicates association with the subject.
- וְלֹ֤א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (l.ʾ); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces a negated clause.
- שָׁמַ֨רְתָּ֙ (shamarta) – Root: שמר (sh.m.r); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you have kept”; Notes: Refers to obedience or observance.
- בְּרִיתִ֣י (beriti) – Root: ברית (b.r.y.t); Form: Construct noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My covenant”; Notes: Refers to divine agreement.
- וְחֻקֹּתַ֔י (ve-ḥuqqotai) – Root: חקק (ḥ.q.q); Form: Plural noun with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and My statutes”; Notes: Divine laws or ordinances.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Connects to the command given.
- צִוִּ֖יתִי (tsivviti) – Root: צוה (ts.w.h); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I commanded”; Notes: Divine directive.
- עָלֶ֑יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿ.l); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Target of the command.
- קָרֹ֨עַ (karoaʿ) – Root: קרע (q.r.ʿ); Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “tearing”; Notes: Emphatic reinforcement of the following finite verb.
- אֶקְרַ֤ע (ekraʿ) – Root: קרע (q.r.ʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will tear”; Notes: Act of divine judgment.
- אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ (et-ha-mamlakhah) – Root: מלך (m.l.k); Form: Direct object marker + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the kingdom”; Notes: Object of the tearing action.
- מֵעָלֶ֔יךָ (meʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿ.l); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from upon you”; Notes: Denotes removal from authority.
- וּנְתַתִּ֖יהָ (u-netattihah) – Root: נתן (n.t.n); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and I will give it”; Notes: Transition from punishment to redistribution.
- לְעַבְדֶּֽךָ (le-ʿavdekha) – Root: עבד (ʿ.b.d); Form: Preposition + noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your servant”; Notes: Foretells the rise of another under divine authority.