וְקָרַבְתָּ֗ מ֚וּל בְּנֵ֣י עַמֹּ֔ון אַל־תְּצֻרֵ֖ם וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֣ר בָּ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹֽא־֠אֶתֵּן מֵאֶ֨רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמֹּ֤ון לְךָ֙ יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה כִּ֥י לִבְנֵי־לֹ֖וט נְתַתִּ֥יהָ יְרֻשָּֽׁה׃
When you approach the descendants of ʿAmmon, do not harass them or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of the land of the descendants of ʿAmmon as a possession, because I have given it to the descendants of Lot as a possession.
Morphology
- וְקָרַבְתָּ֗ (veqaravta) – Root: קרב (qrb); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And you will approach”; Notes: Refers to drawing near to a specific location.
- מ֚וּל (mul) – Root: מול (mul); Form: Preposition; Translation: “before, opposite”; Notes: Indicates proximity to the descendants of Ammon.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bene) – Root: בן (bn); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “sons of”; Notes: Indicates descendants.
- עַמֹּ֔ון (Ammon) – Root: עמון (ʿmn); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ammon”; Notes: Refers to the nation descended from Lot.
- אַל־תְּצֻרֵ֖ם (ʾal-tetsurem) – Root: צור (ṣwr); Form: Negative imperative + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Do not harass them”; Notes: Prohibition against initiating conflict.
- וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֣ר (veʾal-titgar) – Root: גרה (grh); Form: Conjunction + negative imperative + Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and do not provoke”; Notes: A reflexive verb meaning to engage in hostile actions.
- בָּ֑ם (bam) – Root: ב (b) + הם (hm); Form: Preposition + pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Ammon.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ky); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
- לֹֽא־֠אֶתֵּן (loʾ-ʾetten) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will not give”; Notes: Emphasizes divine intention.
- מֵאֶ֨רֶץ (meʾeretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “from the land”; Notes: Refers to the territory of Ammon.
- בְּנֵי־עַמֹּ֤ון (bene-Ammon) – Root: בן (bn) + עמון (ʿmn); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “the descendants of Ammon”; Notes: Specifies ownership of the land.
- לְךָ֙ (lekha) – Root: ל (l) + אתה (ʾth); Form: Preposition + pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Addresses the people of Yisraʾel.
- יְרֻשָּׁ֔ה (yerushah) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “as a possession”; Notes: Refers to land ownership.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (ky); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- לִבְנֵי־לֹ֖וט (livnei-Lot) – Root: בן (bn) + לוט (Lot); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “to the descendants of Lot”; Notes: Indicates divine allocation.
- נְתַתִּ֥יהָ (netattihah) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “I have given it”; Notes: Refers to the land.
- יְרֻשָּֽׁה׃ (yerushah) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “as a possession”; Notes: Reiterates the land’s status.