ביום ההוא כרת יהוה את אברם ברית לאמר לזרעך נתתי את הארץ הזאת מנהר מצרים עד הנהר הגדל נהר פרת׃
Gen 15:18 [Samaritan]
ביום ההוא כרת יהוה את אברם ברית לאמר לזרעך נתתי את הארץ הזאת מנהר מצרים עד הנהר הגדל נהר פרת׃
Gen 15:18 [Masoretic]
בַּיֹּום הַהוּא כָּרַת יְהוָה אֶת־אַבְרָם בְּרִית לֵאמֹר לְזַרְעֲךָ נָתַתִּי אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת מִנְּהַר מִצְרַיִם עַד־הַנָּהָר הַגָּדֹל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃
Gen 15:18 [Targum Onkelos]
בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא גְּזַר יְיָ עִם אַבְרָם קְיָם לְמֵימָר לִבְנָךְ יְהַבִית יַת אַרְעָא הָדָא מִנְּחר מִצְרַיִם עַד נַהֲרָא רַבָּא נַהֲרָא פְּרָת׃
Gen 15:18 [Peshitta]
ܒܝܘܡܐ ܗܿܘ܂ ܐܩܝܡ ܡܪܝܐ ܥܡ ܐܒܪܡ ܩܝܡܐ ܘܐܡܼܪ ܠܗ܂ ܠܙܪܥܟ ܐܬܠܝܗܿ ܐܪܥܐ ܗܕܐ܂ ܡܢ ܢܗܪܐ ܕܡܨܪܝܢ ܘܥܕܡܐ ܠܢܗܪܐ ܪܒܐ ܢܗܪܐ ܦܪܬ܂
בַּיֹּ֣ום הַה֗וּא כָּרַ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־אַבְרָ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ נָתַ֨תִּי֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִנְּהַ֣ר מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃
On that day, the LORD made a covenant with Avram, saying, “To your offspring I have given this land, from the river of Miṣrayim to the great river, the river Perat.”
Morphology
- בַּיֹּ֣ום (bayyom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Specifies the time when the covenant was made.
- הַה֗וּא (hahu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Refers back to a specific day in the narrative.
- כָּרַ֧ת (karat) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he made”; Notes: Describes the act of making a covenant.
- יְהוָ֛ה (Adonai) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to God.
- אֶת־אַבְרָ֖ם (et-Abram) – Root: אברם (Abram); Form: Proper noun with accusative marker; Translation: “Abram”; Notes: The recipient of the covenant.
- בְּרִ֣ית (berit) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a covenant”; Notes: Refers to the formal agreement established by God.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (lemor) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Preposition with infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ (lezar’akha) – Root: זרע (zera); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “to your offspring”; Notes: Refers to Abram’s descendants.
- נָתַ֨תִּי (natati) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I have given”; Notes: Indicates God’s grant of the land.
- אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ (et-ha’aretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article and accusative marker; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Specifies the object of the promise.
- הַזֹּ֔את (hazot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Qualifies the land as specific and definite.
- מִנְּהַ֣ר (minnehar) – Root: נהר (nahar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the river”; Notes: Indicates the geographical starting point.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Mitzrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitzrayim); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the southern border.
- עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר (ad-hanahar) – Root: נהר (nahar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “to the river”; Notes: Marks the extent of the promised land.
- הַגָּדֹ֖ל (hagadol) – Root: גדל (gadol); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “the great”; Notes: Qualifies the river as significant.
- נְהַר־פְּרָֽת (nehar-Perat) – Root: נהר (nahar); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the river Euphrates”; Notes: Identifies the northern boundary of the land.