Isaiah 59:19

וְיִֽירְא֤וּ מִֽמַּעֲרָב֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה וּמִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־כְּבֹודֹ֑ו כִּֽי־יָבֹ֤וא כַנָּהָר֙ צָ֔ר ר֥וּחַ יְהוָ֖ה נֹ֥סְסָה בֹֽו׃

And they shall fear the name of YHWH from the west, and His glory from the rising of the sun; for He shall come like a river, distressing, the breath of YHWH driving in it.

Morphology

1. וְיִירְאוּ (ve-yirʾu) – Root: ירא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall fear”; Notes: Future reverence or awe of YHWH.
2. מִמַּעֲרָב (mi-maʿarav) – Root: מערב; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the west”; Notes: Geographic origin of fear.
3. אֶת־שֵׁם (et-shem) – Root: שם; Form: Accusative marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the name”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s revealed character and authority.
4. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The object of reverence.
5. וּמִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁמֶשׁ (u-mi-mizraḥ-shemesh) – Root: זרח, שׁמש; Form: Conjunction + preposition + construct noun + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and from the rising of the sun”; Notes: Poetic parallel to “from the west.”
6. אֶת־כְּבֹודֹו (et-kevodo) – Root: כבד; Form: Accusative marker + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His glory”; Notes: Divine majesty revealed to all directions.
7. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation for their fear.
8. יָבֹוא (yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall come”; Notes: Likely refers to YHWH or His judgment.
9. כַנָּהָר (ka-nahar) – Root: נהר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a river”; Notes: Metaphor for overwhelming or powerful force.
10. צָר (tsar) – Root: צרר; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “distress” or “enemy”; Notes: Possibly a poetic depiction of affliction or a hostile force.
11. רוּחַ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “breath” or “wind”; Notes: Refers to the divine spirit of YHWH.
12. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the wind/spirit.
13. נֹסְסָה (nosesah) – Root: נוס; Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “driving” or “rushing”; Notes: Feminine to agree with “ruaḥ.”
14. בֹו (bo) – Root: בוא; Form: Preposition + pronoun 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers back to the river-like force.