Author Archives: Nevi’im

וַתַּרְבֶּ֖ה אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָנְתָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ And she increased her whoredoms, to remember the days of her youth, when she whored in the land of Mitsrayim.   Morphology וַתַּרְבֶּה (va-tarbeh) – Root: רבה (ravah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol … Continue reading →

וַתְּגַל֙ תַּזְנוּתֶ֔יהָ וַתְּגַ֖ל אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֤קַע נַפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י מֵעַ֥ל אֲחֹותָֽהּ׃ And she uncovered her whoredoms and uncovered her nakedness, and my soul was loathed from upon her, just as my soul was loathed from upon her sister.   … Continue reading →

וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלֶ֤יהָ בְנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ב דֹּדִ֔ים וַיְטַמְּא֥וּ אֹותָ֖הּ בְּתַזְנוּתָ֑ם וַתִּ֨טְמָא־בָ֔ם וַתֵּ֥קַע נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מֵהֶֽם׃ And the sons of Bavel came to her for the bed of love, and they defiled her with their whoredom, and she was defiled by them, and her … Continue reading →

וַתַּעְגַּב עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַרְאֵ֣ה עֵינֶ֑יהָ וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כַּשְׂדִּימָה׃ And she lusted after them at the sight of her eyes, and she sent messengers to them, to the Kasdim.   Morphology וַתַּעְגַּב (va-taʿgav) – Root: עגב (ʿagav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd … Continue reading →

חֲגֹורֵ֨י אֵזֹ֜ור בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֗ם סְרוּחֵ֤י טְבוּלִים֙ בְּרָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם מַרְאֵ֥ה שָׁלִשִׁ֖ים כֻּלָּ֑ם דְּמ֤וּת בְּנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֶ֖רֶץ מֹולַדְתָּֽם׃ Girded with belts upon their loins, with flowing turbans upon their heads, the appearance of captains all of them, likeness of the sons of Bavel, Kasdim, … Continue reading →

וַתֹּ֖וסֶף אֶל־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ וַתֵּ֗רֶא אַנְשֵׁי֙ מְחֻקֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקִּ֔יר צַלְמֵ֣י כשֶׂדיים חֲקֻקִ֖ים בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃ And she added to her harlotries, and she saw men engraved upon the wall, images of the Kasdim engraved in vermilion.   Morphology וַתֹּוסֶף (va-tosef) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: … Continue reading →

וָאֵ֖רֶא כִּ֣י נִטְמָ֑אָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ אֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּיהֶֽן׃ And I saw that she was defiled; one way was to both of them.   Morphology וָאֵרֶא (va-ʾereʾ) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person singular; Translation: “and I saw”; Notes: Speaker … Continue reading →

אֶל־בְּנֵי֩ אַשּׁ֨וּר עָגָ֜בָה פַּחֹ֨ות וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י מִכְלֹ֔ול פָּרָשִׁ֖ים רֹכְבֵ֣י סוּסִ֑ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּֽם׃ She lusted after the sons of Ashshur, governors and rulers, near ones, clothed in splendor, horsemen riding horses, desirable young men all of them.   Morphology … Continue reading →

וַתֵּ֨רֶא֙ אֲחֹותָ֣הּ אָהֳלִיבָ֔ה וַתַּשְׁחֵ֥ת עַגְבָתָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְאֶת־תַּ֨זְנוּתֶ֔יהָ מִזְּנוּנֵ֖י אֲחֹותָֽהּ׃ And her sister Oholiva saw, and she corrupted her lust more than she, and her harlotries than the harlotries of her sister.   Morphology וַתֵּרֶא (va-tereʾ) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: … Continue reading →

הֵמָּה֮ גִּלּ֣וּ עֶרְוָתָהּ֒ בָּנֶ֤יהָ וּבְנֹותֶ֨יהָ֙ לָקָ֔חוּ וְאֹותָ֖הּ בַּחֶ֣רֶב הָרָ֑גוּ וַתְּהִי־שֵׁם֙ לַנָּשִׁ֔ים וּשְׁפוּטִ֖ים עָ֥שׂוּ בָֽהּ׃ ס They uncovered her nakedness, her sons and her daughters they took, and her they slew with the sword; and she became a name among women, … Continue reading →

לָכֵ֥ן נְתַתִּ֖יהָ בְּיַד־מְאַֽהֲבֶ֑יהָ בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָגְבָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ Therefore I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the sons of Ashshur after whom she lusted.   Morphology לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: — ; Form: … Continue reading →

וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֤יהָ מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙ לֹ֣א עָזָ֔בָה כִּ֤י אֹותָהּ֙ שָׁכְב֣וּ בִנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וְהֵ֥מָּה עִשּׂ֖וּ דַּדֵּ֣י בְתוּלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּשְׁפְּכ֥וּ תַזְנוּתָ֖ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃ And her harlotries from Mitsrayim she did not leave, for they lay with her in her youth, and they handled her virgin bosoms, and they … Continue reading →

וַתִּתֵּ֤ן תַּזְנוּתֶ֨יהָ֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם מִבְחַ֥ר בְּנֵֽי־אַשּׁ֖וּר כֻּלָּ֑ם וּבְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־עָֽגְבָ֛ה בְּכָל־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם נִטְמָֽאָה׃ And she bestowed her harlotries upon them, the choice ones of the sons of Ashshur, all of them, and with all whom she lusted after, with all their idols she … Continue reading →

לְבֻשֵׁ֤י תְכֵ֨לֶת֙ פַּחֹ֣ות וּסְגָנִ֔ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּ֑ם פָּרָשִׁ֕ים רֹכְבֵ֖י סוּסִֽים׃ Clothed in blue, governors and rulers, desirable young men all of them, horsemen riding horses.   Morphology לְבֻשֵׁי (levushei) – Root: לבשׁ (lavash); Form: Passive participle masculine plural construct; Translation: … Continue reading →

וַתִּ֥זֶן אָהֳלָ֖ה תַּחְתָּ֑י וַתַּעְגַּב֙ עַֽל־מְאַהֲבֶ֔יהָ אֶל־אַשּׁ֖וּר קְרֹובִֽים׃ And Ohola played the harlot under me, and she lusted after her lovers, to Ashshur, near ones.   Morphology וַתִּזֶן (va-tizen) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: … Continue reading →

וַתִּזְנֶ֣ינָה בְמִצְרַ֔יִם בִּנְעוּרֵיהֶ֖ן זָנ֑וּ שָׁ֚מָּה מֹעֲכ֣וּ שְׁדֵיהֶ֔ן וְשָׁ֣ם עִשּׂ֔וּ דַּדֵּ֖י בְּתוּלֵיהֶֽן׃ And they committed harlotry in Mitsrayim; in their youth they played the harlot; there their breasts were pressed, and there their virgin bosoms were handled.   Morphology וַתִּזְנֶינָה (va-tiznenah) … Continue reading →

בֶּן־אָדָ֑ם שְׁתַּ֣יִם נָשִׁ֔ים בְּנֹ֥ות אֵם־אַחַ֖ת הָיֽוּ׃ “Son of man, two women, the daughters of one mother, they were.   Morphology בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן (ben), אדם (ʾadam); Form: Construct noun + absolute noun masculine singular; Translation: “son of man”; … Continue reading →

וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃ And the word of YHWH came to me, saying,   Morphology וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it came to be”; Notes: Standard prophetic formula … Continue reading →

וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֤ךְ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ זַעְמִ֔י בְּאֵ֥שׁ עֶבְרָתִ֖י כִּלִּיתִ֑ים דַּרְכָּם֙ בְּרֹאשָׁ֣ם נָתַ֔תִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה׃ פ And I poured out upon them my indignation; with the fire of my fury I consumed them; their way I put upon their head,” declares the Lord … Continue reading →

וָאֲבַקֵּ֣שׁ מֵהֶ֡ם אִ֣ישׁ גֹּֽדֵר־גָּדֵר֩ וְעֹמֵ֨ד בַּפֶּ֧רֶץ לְפָנַ֛י בְּעַ֥ד הָאָ֖רֶץ לְבִלְתִּ֣י שַׁחֲתָ֑הּ וְלֹ֖א מָצָֽאתִי׃ And I sought from among them a man building a wall and standing in the breach before me for the land, that I should not destroy it, … Continue reading →

עַ֤ם הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ עָ֣שְׁקוּ עֹ֔שֶׁק וְגָזְל֖וּ גָּזֵ֑ל וְעָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיֹון֙ הֹונ֔וּ וְאֶת־הַגֵּ֥ר עָשְׁק֖וּ בְּלֹ֥א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃ The people of the land have practiced oppression and committed robbery, and the poor and needy they have mistreated, and the sojourner they have oppressed without justice. … Continue reading →

וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃ And her prophets have daubed for them with whitewash, seeing vanity and divining for them lies, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord YHWH,’ though … Continue reading →

שָׂרֶ֣יהָ בְקִרְבָּ֔הּ כִּזְאֵבִ֖ים טֹ֣רְפֵי טָ֑רֶף לִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ לְאַבֵּ֣ד נְפָשֹׁ֔ות לְמַ֖עַן בְּצֹ֥עַ בָּֽצַע׃ Her princes in her midst are like wolves tearing prey, to pour out blood, to destroy lives, in order to make unjust gain.   Morphology שָׂרֶיהָ (sareha) – Root: … Continue reading →

כֹּהֲנֶ֜יהָ חָמְס֣וּ תֹורָתִי֮ וַיְחַלְּל֣וּ קָדָשַׁי֒ בֵּֽין־קֹ֤דֶשׁ לְחֹל֙ לֹ֣א הִבְדִּ֔ילוּ וּבֵין־הַטָּמֵ֥א לְטָהֹ֖ור לֹ֣א הֹודִ֑יעוּ וּמִשַׁבְּתֹותַי֙ הֶעְלִ֣ימוּ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם וָאֵחַ֖ל בְּתֹוכָֽם׃ Her priests have done violence to my law, and they profaned my holy things; between holy and common they did not distinguish, … Continue reading →

קֶ֤שֶׁר נְבִיאֶ֨יהָ֙ בְּתֹוכָ֔הּ כַּאֲרִ֥י שֹׁואֵ֖ג טֹ֣רֵֽף טָ֑רֶף נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָכָ֗לוּ חֹ֤סֶן וִיקָר֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ אַלְמְנֹותֶ֖יהָ הִרְבּ֥וּ בְתֹוכָֽהּ׃ A conspiracy of her prophets in her midst is like a roaring lion tearing prey; they have devoured life, they take treasure and precious things, … Continue reading →

בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם אֱמָר־לָ֕הּ אַ֣תְּ אֶ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א מְטֹהָרָ֖ה הִ֑יא לֹ֥א גֻשְׁמָ֖הּ בְּיֹ֥ום זָֽעַם׃ “Son of man, say to her: ‘You are a land not cleansed; it is not rained upon in the day of indignation.’   Morphology בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן … Continue reading →

וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃ And the word of YHWH came to me, saying,   Morphology וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it came to be”; Notes: Standard prophetic introduction … Continue reading →

כְּהִתּ֥וּךְ כֶּ֨סֶף֙ בְּתֹ֣וךְ כּ֔וּר כֵּ֖ן תֻּתְּכ֣וּ בְתֹוכָ֑הּ וִֽידַעְתֶּם֙ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה שָׁפַ֥כְתִּי חֲמָתִ֖י עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃ פ As the melting of silver in the midst of a furnace, so you shall be melted in the midst of it; and you shall know that … Continue reading →

וְכִנַּסְתִּ֣י אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְנָפַחְתִּ֥י עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּאֵ֣שׁ עֶבְרָתִ֑י וְנִתַּכְתֶּ֖ם בְּתֹוכָֽהּ׃ And I will gather you, and I will blow upon you with the fire of my fury, and you shall be melted in the midst of it.   Morphology וְכִנַּסְתִּי (ve-kinnasti) – … Continue reading →