Author Archives: Nevi’im

מָ֤ה אֲמֻלָה֙ לִבָּתֵ֔ךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה בַּעֲשֹׂותֵךְ֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֔לֶּה מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה אִשָּֽׁה־זֹונָ֖ה שַׁלָּֽטֶת׃ How weak is your heart,” declares the Lord YHWH, “when you do all these things, the deeds of a brazen harlot woman.   Morphology מָה (mah) – Root: —; … Continue reading →

וַתַּרְבִּ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֵ֛ךְ אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן כַּשְׂדִּ֑ימָה וְגַם־בְּזֹ֖את לֹ֥א שָׂבָֽעַתְּ׃ And you multiplied your harlotry to the land of Kenaʿan, to Kasdim, yet even with this you were not satisfied.   Morphology וַתַּרְבִּי (va-tarbi) – Root: רבה (ravah); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 2nd … Continue reading →

וַתִּזְנִי֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר מִבִּלְתִּ֖י שָׂבְעָתֵ֑ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֕ים וְגַ֖ם לֹ֥א שָׂבָֽעַתְּ׃ And you prostituted yourself to the sons of Ashshur without being satisfied, and you prostituted yourself, yet you were not satisfied.   Morphology וַתִּזְנִי (va-tizni) – Root: זנה (zanah); Form: Qal … Continue reading →

וְהִנֵּ֨ה נָטִ֤יתִי יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֶגְרַ֖ע חֻקֵּ֑ךְ וָאֶתְּנֵ֞ךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ שֹׂנְאֹותַ֨יִךְ֙ בְּנֹ֣ות פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הַנִּכְלָמֹ֖ות מִדַּרְכֵּ֥ךְ זִמָּֽה׃ And behold, I stretched out my hand against you, and I diminished your allotted portion, and I gave you to the soul of those who hate … Continue reading →

וַתִּזְנִ֧י אֶל־בְּנֵֽי־מִצְרַ֛יִם שְׁכֵנַ֖יִךְ גִּדְלֵ֣י בָשָׂ֑ר וַתַּרְבִּ֥י אֶת־תַּזְנֻתֵ֖ךְ לְהַכְעִיסֵֽנִי׃ And you played the harlot with the sons of Mitsrayim, your neighbors, great of flesh, and you multiplied your harlotry to provoke me to anger.   Morphology וַתִּזְנִי (va-tizni) – Root: זנה … Continue reading →

אֶל־כָּל־רֹ֣אשׁ דֶּ֗רֶךְ בָּנִית֙ רָֽמָתֵ֔ךְ וַתְּתַֽעֲבִי֙ אֶת־יָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתְּפַשְּׂקִ֥י אֶת־רַגְלַ֖יִךְ לְכָל־עוֹבֵ֑ר וַתַּרְבִּ֖י אֶת־תַּזְנֻתָֽיִךְ׃ At every head of a way you built your high place, and you abhorred your beauty, and you spread your legs to everyone that passed by, and you multiplied … Continue reading →

וַתִּבְנִי־לָ֖ךְ גֶּ֑ב וַתַּעֲשִׂי־לָ֥ךְ רָמָ֖ה בְּכָל־רְחֹֽוב׃ And you built for yourself a mound, and you made for yourself a high place in every street.   Morphology וַתִּבְנִי (va-tivni) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and … Continue reading →

וַיְהִ֕י אַחֲרֵ֖י כָּל־רָעָתֵ֑ךְ אֹ֣וי אֹ֣וי לָ֔ךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ And it came to pass after all your wickedness—woe, woe to you!” declares the Lord YHWH.   Morphology וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; … Continue reading →

וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־תֹּועֲבֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ וְתַזְנֻתַ֔יִךְ לֹ֥א זָכַ֖רְתְּ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בִּֽהְיֹותֵךְ֙ עֵרֹ֣ם וְעֶרְיָ֔ה מִתְבֹּוסֶ֥סֶת בְּדָמֵ֖ךְ הָיִֽית׃ And with all your abominations and your harlotries you did not remember the days of your youth, when you were naked and bare, squirming in your blood … Continue reading →

וַֽתִּשְׁחֲטִ֖י אֶת־בָּנָ֑י וַֽתִּתְּנִ֔ים בְּהַעֲבִ֥יר אֹותָ֖ם לָהֶֽם׃ And you slaughtered my sons and you gave them up by making them pass over to them.   Morphology וַתִּשְׁחֲטִי (va-tishḥaṭi) – Root: שׁחט (shaḥat); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and … Continue reading →

וַתִּקְחִ֞י אֶת־בָּנַ֤יִךְ וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלַ֣דְתְּ לִ֔י וַתִּזְבָּחִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם לֶאֱכ֑וֹל הַמְעַ֖ט מִתַּזְנּתִָֽךְ׃ “And you took your sons and your daughters whom you had borne to me, and you sacrificed them to them to be devoured. Was your harlotry a small matter? … Continue reading →

וְלַחְמִי֩ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨תִּי לָ֜ךְ סֹ֣לֶת וָשֶׁ֤מֶן וּדְבַשׁ֙ הֶֽאֱכַלְתִּ֔יךְ וּנְתַתִּ֧יהוּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֛ם לְרֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ וַיֶּ֑הִי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ And my bread which I gave to you, fine flour and oil and honey with which I fed you, you set it before them for … Continue reading →

וַתִּקְחִ֛י אֶת־בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים וְשַׁמְנִי֙ וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י נָתַתְּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ And you took your embroidered garments and you covered them, and my oil and my incense you set before them.   Morphology וַתִּקְחִי (va-tiqqeḥi) – Root: לקח (laqach); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 2nd … Continue reading →

וַתִּקְחִ֞י כְּלֵ֣י תִפְאַרְתֵּ֗ךְ מִזְּהָבִ֤י וּמִכַּסְפִּי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣תִּי לָ֔ךְ וַתַּעֲשִׂי־לָ֖ךְ צַלְמֵ֣י זָכָ֑ר וַתִּזְנִי־בָֽם׃ And you took your splendid vessels of my gold and of my silver, which I had given to you, and you made for yourself images of male, and … Continue reading →

וַתִּקְחִ֣י מִבְּגָדַ֗יִךְ וַתַּֽעֲשִׂי־לָךְ֙ בָּמֹ֣ות טְלֻאֹ֔ות וַתִּזְנִ֖י עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א בָאֹ֖ות וְלֹ֥א יִהְיֶֽה׃ And you took from your garments and made for yourself high places of various colors, and you played the harlot upon them, such things had not come, nor shall … Continue reading →

וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְיָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֖י עַל־שְׁמֵ֑ךְ וַתִּשְׁפְּכִ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַ֛יִךְ עַל־כָּל־עֹובֵ֖ר לֹו־יֶֽהִי׃ And you trusted in your beauty, and you played the harlot because of your fame, and you poured out your harlotries on everyone that passed by; his it was.   Morphology וַתִּבְטְחִי … Continue reading →

וַיֵּ֨צֵא לָ֥ךְ שֵׁ֛ם בַּגֹּויִ֖ם בְּיָפְיֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י כָּלִ֣יל ה֗וּא בַּֽהֲדָרִי֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי עָלַ֔יִךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ And your name went out among the nations because of your beauty, for it was perfect through my splendor which I placed upon you,” declares the … Continue reading →

וַתַּעְדִּ֞י זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֗סֶף וּמַלְבּוּשֵׁךְ֙ שֶׂשֶׂי וָמֶ֨שִׁי֙ וְרִקְמָ֔ה סֹ֧לֶת וּדְבַ֛שׁ וָשֶׁ֖מֶן אכלתי וַתִּ֨יפִי֙ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֔ד וַֽתִּצְלְחִ֖י לִמְלוּכָֽה׃ And you were adorned with gold and silver, and your clothing was fine linen and silk and embroidered work; fine flour and honey and … Continue reading →

וָאֶתֵּ֥ן נֶ֨זֶם֙ עַל־אַפֵּ֔ךְ וַעֲגִילִ֖ים עַל־אָזְנָ֑יִךְ וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת בְּרֹאשֵֽׁךְ׃ And I put a ring upon your nose, and earrings upon your ears, and a crown of beauty upon your head.   Morphology וָאֶתֵּן (va-etten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol … Continue reading →

וָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְ עֶ֑דִי וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה צְמִידִים֙ עַל־יָדַ֔יִךְ וְרָבִ֖יד עַל־גְּרֹונֵֽךְ׃ And I adorned you with adornment, and I put bracelets upon your hands and a necklace upon your neck.   Morphology וָאֶעְדֵּךְ (va-eʿdekh) – Root: עדה (ʿadah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 1st … Continue reading →

וָאַלְבִּישֵׁ֣ךְ רִקְמָ֔ה וָאֶנְעֲלֵ֖ךְ תָּ֑חַשׁ וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁ֣ךְ בַּשֵּׁ֔שׁ וַאֲכַסֵּ֖ךְ מֶֽשִׁי׃ And I clothed you with embroidered work, and I shod you with taḥash, and I bound you with fine linen, and I covered you with silk.   Morphology וָאַלְבִּישֵׁךְ (va-albishēkh) – Root: … Continue reading →

וָאֶרְחָצֵ֣ךְ בַּמַּ֔יִם וָאֶשְׁטֹ֥ף דָּמַ֖יִךְ מֵֽעָלָ֑יִךְ וָאֲסֻכֵ֖ךְ בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃ “And I washed you with water, and I rinsed your blood from upon you, and I anointed you with oil.   Morphology וָאֶרְחָצֵךְ (va-erḥatsek) – Root: רחץ (raḥats); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) … Continue reading →

וָאֶעֱבֹ֨ר עָלַ֜יִךְ וָאֶרְאֵ֗ךְ וְהִנֵּ֤ה עִתֵּךְ֙ עֵ֣ת דֹּדִ֔ים וָאֶפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֲכַסֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתֵ֑ךְ וָאֶשָּׁ֣בַֽע לָ֠ךְ וָאָבֹ֨וא בִבְרִ֜ית אֹתָ֗ךְ נְאֻ֛ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה וַתִּ֥הְיִי לִֽי׃ And I passed by you, and I saw you, and behold, your time was the time of love; … Continue reading →

רְבָבָ֗ה כְּצֶ֤מַח הַשָּׂדֶה֙ נְתַתִּ֔יךְ וַתִּרְבִּי֙ וַֽתִּגְדְּלִ֔י וַתָּבֹ֖אִי בַּעֲדִ֣י עֲדָיִ֑ים שָׁדַ֤יִם נָכֹ֨נוּ֙ וּשְׂעָרֵ֣ךְ צִמֵּ֔חַ וְאַ֖תְּ עֵרֹ֥ם וְעֶרְיָֽה׃ I made you a multitude like the growth of the field, and you increased and grew, and you came with the adornment of ornaments. … Continue reading →

וָאֶעֱבֹ֤ר עָלַ֨יִךְ֙ וָֽאֶרְאֵ֔ךְ מִתְבֹּוסֶ֖סֶת בְּדָמָ֑יִךְ וָאֹ֤מַר לָךְ֙ בְּדָמַ֣יִךְ חֲיִ֔י וָאֹ֥מַר לָ֖ךְ בְּדָמַ֥יִךְ חֲיִֽי׃ And I passed by you, and I saw you wallowing in your blood, and I said to you in your blood, ‘Live!’ Yes, I said to you … Continue reading →

לֹא־חָ֨סָה עָלַ֜יִךְ עַ֗יִן לַעֲשֹׂ֥ות לָ֛ךְ אַחַ֥ת מֵאֵ֖לֶּה לְחֻמְלָ֣ה עָלָ֑יִךְ וַֽתֻּשְׁלְכִ֞י אֶל־פְּנֵ֤י הַשָּׂדֶה֙ בְּגֹ֣עַל נַפְשֵׁ֔ךְ בְּיֹ֖ום הֻלֶּ֥דֶת אֹתָֽךְ׃ No eye pitied you to do for you one of these things, to have compassion upon you, but you were cast out into … Continue reading →

וּמֹולְדֹותַ֗יִךְ בְּיֹ֨ום הוּלֶּ֤דֶת אֹתָךְ֙ לֹֽא־כָרַּ֣ת שָׁרֵּ֔ךְ וּבְמַ֥יִם לֹֽא־רֻחַ֖צְתְּ לְמִשְׁעִ֑י וְהָמְלֵ֨חַ֙ לֹ֣א הֻמְלַ֔חַתְּ וְהָחְתֵּ֖ל לֹ֥א חֻתָּֽלְתְּ׃ And as for your birth, on the day you were born your cord was not cut, and with water you were not washed for cleansing, … Continue reading →

וְאָמַרְתָּ֞ כֹּה־אָמַ֨ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ לִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם מְכֹרֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ וּמֹ֣לְדֹתַ֔יִךְ מֵאֶ֖רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑י אָבִ֥יךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֖י וְאִמֵּ֥ךְ חִתִּֽית׃ And you shall say: ‘Thus says the Lord YHWH to Yerushalayim, “Your origin and your birth are from the land of the Kenaʿani—your father was the Emori … Continue reading →

בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הֹודַ֥ע אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם אֶת־תֹּועֲבֹתֶֽיהָ׃ “Son of man, make known to Yerushalayim her abominations.   Morphology בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן (ben), אדם (ʾadam); Form: Construct chain: noun masculine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “son of man”; Notes: Standard address … Continue reading →

וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃ And the word of YHWH came to me, saying,   Morphology וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Common prophetic introduction … Continue reading →