Category Archives: Hosea

כִּ֛י ר֥וּחַ יִזְרָ֖עוּ וְסוּפָ֣תָה יִקְצֹ֑רוּ קָמָ֣ה אֵֽין־לֹ֗ו צֶ֚מַח בְּלִ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂה־קֶּ֔מַח אוּלַ֣י יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה זָרִ֖ים יִבְלָעֻֽהוּ׃ For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind; a standing stalk has no growth, it shall yield no flour; and if it should … Continue reading →

כִּ֤י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְה֔וּא חָרָ֣שׁ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וְלֹ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים ה֑וּא כִּֽי־שְׁבָבִ֣ים יִֽהְיֶ֔ה עֵ֖גֶל שֹׁמְרֹֽון׃ For it is from Yisraʾel; the craftsman made it, and it is not God. Surely the calf of Shomeron shall be broken to pieces.   Morphology כִּי (ki) … Continue reading →

זָנַח֙ עֶגְלֵ֣ךְ שֹֽׁמְרֹ֔ון חָרָ֥ה אַפִּ֖י בָּ֑ם עַד־מָתַ֕י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ נִקָּיֹֽן׃ He has rejected your calf, Shomeron; My anger is kindled against them. How long will they be incapable of innocence?   Morphology זָנַח (zanach) – Root: זנח (zanach); Form: Qal … Continue reading →

הֵ֤ם הִמְלִיכוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א מִמֶּ֔נִּי הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עְתִּי כַּסְפָּ֣ם וּזְהָבָ֗ם עָשׂ֤וּ לָהֶם֙ עֲצַבִּ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן יִכָּרֵֽת׃ They have set up kings, but not from Me; they have appointed princes, but I did not know it. With their silver and their gold they … Continue reading →

זָנַ֥ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל טֹ֑וב אֹויֵ֖ב יִרְדְּֽפֹו׃ Yisraʾel has rejected the good; the enemy shall pursue him.   Morphology זָנַח (zanach) – Root: זנח (zanach); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has rejected”; Notes: Conveys deliberate abandonment or casting away … Continue reading →

לִ֖י יִזְעָ֑קוּ אֱלֹהַ֥י יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ To Me they cry, “My God, we know You, Yisraʾel.”   Morphology לִי (li) – Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 1cs; Translation: “to Me”; Notes: Indicates direction of the cry — supposedly … Continue reading →

אֶל־חִכְּךָ֣ שֹׁפָ֔ר כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁר עַל־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה יַ֚עַן עָבְר֣וּ בְרִיתִ֔י וְעַל־תֹּורָתִ֖י פָּשָֽׁעוּ׃ Put the trumpet to your mouth! Like an eagle against the house of YHWH, because they have transgressed My covenant and rebelled against My Torah.   Morphology אֶל־חִכְּךָ (ʾel-ḥikkecha) – … Continue reading →

יָשׁ֣וּבוּ לֹ֣א עָ֗ל הָיוּ֙ כְּקֶ֣שֶׁת רְמִיָּ֔ה יִפְּל֥וּ בַחֶ֛רֶב שָׂרֵיהֶ֖ם מִזַּ֣עַם לְשֹׁונָ֑ם זֹ֥ו לַעְגָּ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ They return, but not to the Most High; they have become like a deceitful bow. Their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage … Continue reading →

וַאֲנִ֣י יִסַּ֔רְתִּי חִזַּ֖קְתִּי זְרֹֽועֹתָ֑ם וְאֵלַ֖י יְחַשְּׁבוּ־רָֽע׃ And I have disciplined and strengthened their arms, yet they devise evil against Me.   Morphology וַאֲנִי (va-ʾani) – Root: אנכי (ʾanokhi); Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun 1cs; Translation: “and I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s … Continue reading →

וְלֹֽא־זָעֲק֤וּ אֵלַי֙ בְּלִבָּ֔ם כִּ֥י יְיֵלִ֖ילוּ עַל־מִשְׁכְּבֹותָ֑ם עַל־דָּגָ֧ן וְתִירֹ֛ושׁ יִתְגֹּורָ֖רוּ יָס֥וּרוּ בִֽי׃ And they did not cry to Me with their heart, though they wail upon their beds; for grain and new wine they assemble themselves, they turn away from Me. … Continue reading →

אֹ֤וי לָהֶם֙ כִּֽי־נָדְד֣וּ מִמֶּ֔נִּי שֹׁ֥ד לָהֶ֖ם כִּֽי־פָ֣שְׁעוּ בִ֑י וְאָנֹכִ֣י אֶפְדֵּ֔ם וְהֵ֕מָּה דִּבְּר֥וּ עָלַ֖י כְּזָבִֽים׃ Woe to them, for they have wandered from Me; destruction to them, for they have transgressed against Me. Though I would redeem them, yet they have … Continue reading →

כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵלֵ֗כוּ אֶפְרֹ֤ושׂ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ רִשְׁתִּ֔י כְּעֹ֥וף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אֹֽורִידֵ֑ם אַיְסִרֵ֕ם כְּשֵׁ֖מַע לַעֲדָתָֽם׃ ס As they go, I will spread My net over them; I will bring them down like the birds of the heavens; I will chasten them according to the … Continue reading →

וַיְהִ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם כְּיֹונָ֥ה פֹותָ֖ה אֵ֣ין לֵ֑ב מִצְרַ֥יִם קָרָ֖אוּ אַשּׁ֥וּר הָלָֽכוּ׃ And Efrayim has become like a silly dove without heart; they call to Mitsrayim, they go to Ashshur.   Morphology וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative … Continue reading →

וְעָנָ֥ה גְאֹֽון־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּפָנָ֑יו וְלֹֽא־שָׁ֨בוּ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א בִקְשֻׁ֖הוּ בְּכָל־זֹֽאת׃ And the pride of Yisraʾel testifies to his face, but they have not returned to YHWH their God, nor have they sought Him for all this.   Morphology וְעָנָה (ve-ʿanah) – … Continue reading →

אָכְל֤וּ זָרִים֙ כֹּחֹ֔ו וְה֖וּא לֹ֣א יָדָ֑ע גַּם־שֵׂיבָה֙ זָ֣רְקָה בֹּ֔ו וְה֖וּא לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃ Strangers have devoured his strength, yet he does not know; also gray hairs are sprinkled upon him, yet he does not know.   Morphology אָכְלוּ (ʾakhelu) – Root: … Continue reading →

אֶפְרַ֕יִם בָּעַמִּ֖ים ה֣וּא יִתְבֹּולָ֑ל אֶפְרַ֛יִם הָיָ֥ה עֻגָ֖ה בְּלִ֥י הֲפוּכָֽה׃ Efrayim is mixed among the peoples; Efrayim has become a cake not turned.   Morphology אֶפְרַיִם (Ephrayim) – Root: אפרים (Ephrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ephrayim”; Notes: Represents the northern kingdom … Continue reading →

כֻּלָּ֤ם יֵחַ֨מּוּ֙ כַּתַּנּ֔וּר וְאָכְל֖וּ אֶת־שֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֣ם נָפָ֔לוּ אֵין־קֹרֵ֥א בָהֶ֖ם אֵלָֽי׃ All of them are hot like an oven, and they have devoured their judges; all their kings have fallen, there is none among them who calls to Me.   Morphology … Continue reading →

כִּֽי־קֵרְב֧וּ כַתַּנּ֛וּר לִבָּ֖ם בְּאָרְבָּ֑ם כָּל־הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ יָשֵׁ֣ן אֹֽפֵהֶ֔ם בֹּ֕קֶר ה֥וּא בֹעֵ֖ר כְּאֵ֥שׁ לֶהָבָֽה׃ For their heart is like an oven, they draw near in their ambush; all the night their baker sleeps, in the morning it burns like a flaming fire. … Continue reading →

יֹ֣ום מַלְכֵּ֔נוּ הֶחֱל֥וּ שָׂרִ֖ים חֲמַ֣ת מִיָּ֑יִן מָשַׁ֥ךְ יָדֹ֖ו אֶת־לֹצְצִֽים׃ On the day of our king, the princes became sick with the heat of wine; he stretched out his hand with the mockers.   Morphology יֹום (yom) – Root: יום (yom); … Continue reading →

כֻּלָּם֙ מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים כְּמֹ֣ו תַנּ֔וּר בֹּעֵ֖רָה מֵֽאֹפֶ֑ה יִשְׁבֹּ֣ות מֵעִ֔יר מִלּ֥וּשׁ בָּצֵ֖ק עַד־חֻמְצָתֹֽו׃ All of them are adulterers, like an oven heated by the baker; he ceases from stirring after kneading the dough until its leavening.   Morphology כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: … Continue reading →

בְּרָעָתָ֖ם יְשַׂמְּחוּ־מֶ֑לֶךְ וּבְכַחֲשֵׁיהֶ֖ם שָׂרִֽים׃ In their evil they make the king glad, and in their lies the princes.   Morphology בְּרָעָתָם (be-raʿatam) – Root: רע (raʿ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “in their evil”; … Continue reading →

וּבַל־יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ לִלְבָבָ֔ם כָּל־רָעָתָ֖ם זָכָ֑רְתִּי עַתָּה֙ סְבָב֣וּם מַֽעַלְלֵיהֶ֔ם נֶ֥גֶד פָּנַ֖י הָיֽוּ׃ And they do not say in their heart, all their evil I have remembered; now their deeds surround them, they have been before My face.   Morphology וּבַל־יֹאמְרוּ (u-val-yomru) – … Continue reading →

כְּרָפְאִ֣י לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְנִגְלָ֞ה עֲוֹ֤ן אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ וְרָעֹ֣ות שֹֽׁמְרֹ֔ון כִּ֥י פָעֲל֖וּ שָׁ֑קֶר וְגַנָּ֣ב יָבֹ֔וא פָּשַׁ֥ט גְּד֖וּד בַּחֽוּץ׃ When I would heal Yisraʾel, then the iniquity of Efrayim is uncovered, and the evils of Shomeron, for they have practiced falsehood; and the thief … Continue reading →

גַּם־יְהוּדָ֕ה שָׁ֥ת קָצִ֖יר לָ֑ךְ בְּשׁוּבִ֖י שְׁב֥וּת עַמִּֽי׃ פ Also, O Yehuda, a harvest is appointed for you, when I return the captivity of My people.   Morphology גַּם (gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Connects Yehudah … Continue reading →

בְּבֵית֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רָאִ֖יתִי שַׂעֲרִירִיָּ֑ה שָׁ֚ם זְנ֣וּת לְאֶפְרַ֔יִם נִטְמָ֖א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ In the house of Yisraʾel I have seen a horrible thing; there is harlotry in Efrayim, Yisraʾel is defiled.   Morphology בְּבֵית (be-beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition בְּ + … Continue reading →

וּכְחַכֵּ֨י אִ֜ישׁ גְּדוּדִ֗ים חֶ֚בֶר כֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים דֶּ֖רֶךְ יְרַצְּחוּ־שֶׁ֑כְמָה כִּ֥י זִמָּ֖ה עָשֽׂוּ׃ And as bands of robbers lie in wait for a man, a company of priests murder on the way toward Shekhem, for they have committed a vile deed.   Morphology … Continue reading →

גִּלְעָ֕ד קִרְיַ֖ת פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן עֲקֻבָּ֖ה מִדָּֽם׃ Gileʿad is a city of workers of iniquity, tracked with blood.   Morphology גִּלְעָד (Gilʿad) – Root: גלעד (Gilʿad); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Gilʿad”; Notes: Refers to the region east of the Yarden, here … Continue reading →

וְהֵ֕מָּה כְּאָדָ֖ם עָבְר֣וּ בְרִ֑ית שָׁ֖ם בָּ֥גְדוּ בִֽי׃ But they, like Adam, transgressed the covenant; there they dealt treacherously against Me.   Morphology וְהֵמָּה (ve-hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Conjunction וְ + independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “But they”; Notes: … Continue reading →

כִּ֛י חֶ֥סֶד חָפַ֖צְתִּי וְלֹא־זָ֑בַח וְדַ֥עַת אֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵעֹלֹֽות׃ For I desired loyalty and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings.   Morphology כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the divine explanation … Continue reading →

עַל־כֵּ֗ן חָצַ֨בְתִּי֙ בַּנְּבִיאִ֔ים הֲרַגְתִּ֖ים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִ֑י וּמִשְׁפָּטֶ֖יךָ אֹ֥ור יֵצֵֽא׃ Therefore I have hewn them by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of My mouth, and your judgments go forth as light.   Morphology עַל־כֵּן (ʿal-ken) – Root: כן … Continue reading →