Category Archives: Exodus

וַיַּ֣רְא פַּרְעֹ֗ה כִּ֤י הָֽיְתָה֙ הָֽרְוָחָ֔ה וְהַכְבֵּד֙ אֶת־לִבֹּ֔ו וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵהֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ ס And Parʿo saw that there was relief, and he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, as YHWH had spoken.   Morphology וַיַּ֣רְא (vayyarʾ) … Continue reading →

וַיִּצְבְּר֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם חֳמָרִ֣ם חֳמָרִ֑ם וַתִּבְאַ֖שׁ הָאָֽרֶץ׃ And they gathered them together in heaps upon heaps, and the land stank.   Morphology וַיִּצְבְּר֥וּ (vayitsberu) – Root: צבר (ṣ-b-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they gathered”; Notes: … Continue reading →

וַיַּ֥עַשׂ יְהוָ֖ה כִּדְבַ֣ר מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיָּמֻ֨תוּ֙ הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֔ים מִן־הַבָּתִּ֥ים מִן־הַחֲצֵרֹ֖ות וּמִן־הַשָּׂדֹֽת׃ And YHWH did according to the word of Moshe, and the frogs died out from the houses, from the courtyards, and from the fields.   Morphology וַיַּ֥עַשׂ (vayaʿas) – Root: עשׂה … Continue reading →

וַיֵּצֵ֥א מֹשֶׁ֛ה וְאַהֲרֹ֖ן מֵעִ֣ם פַּרְעֹ֑ה וַיִּצְעַ֤ק מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה עַל־דְּבַ֥ר הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֖ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֥ם לְפַרְעֹֽה׃ And Moshe and Aharon went out from Parʿo, and Moshe cried out to YHWH concerning the frogs that He had brought upon Parʿo.   Morphology וַיֵּצֵ֥א (vayetze) – … Continue reading →

וְסָר֣וּ הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֗ים מִמְּךָ֙ וּמִבָּ֣תֶּ֔יךָ וּמֵעֲבָדֶ֖יךָ וּמֵעַמֶּ֑ךָ רַ֥ק בַּיְאֹ֖ר תִּשָּׁאַֽרְנָה׃ And the frogs will depart from you, from your houses, from your servants, and from your people; only in the River will they remain.”   Morphology וְסָר֣וּ (vesaru) – Root: סור … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְמָחָ֑ר וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ כִּדְבָ֣רְךָ֔ לְמַ֣עַן תֵּדַ֔ע כִּי־אֵ֖ין כַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ And he said, “Tomorrow.” And he said, “As you have spoken, so that you may know that there is none like YHWH our God.   Morphology וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֣ה לְפַרְעֹה֮ הִתְפָּאֵ֣ר עָלַי֒ לְמָתַ֣י אַעְתִּ֣יר לְךָ֗ וְלַעֲבָדֶ֨יךָ֙ וּֽלְעַמְּךָ֔ לְהַכְרִית֙ הַֽצֲפַרְדְּעִ֔ים מִמְּךָ֖ וּמִבָּתֶּ֑יךָ רַ֥ק בַּיְאֹ֖ר תִּשָּׁאַֽרְנָה׃ And Moshe said to Parʿo, “Glory over me: when shall I plead for you, for your servants, and for your people, to destroy … Continue reading →

וַיִּקְרָ֨א פַרְעֹ֜ה לְמֹשֶׁ֣ה וּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֗ן וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ הַעְתִּ֣ירוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְיָסֵר֙ הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֔ים מִמֶּ֖נִּי וּמֵֽעַמִּ֑י וַאֲשַׁלְּחָה֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וְיִזְבְּח֖וּ לַיהוָֽה׃ And Parʿo called to Moshe and to Aharon and said, “Plead with YHWH to remove the frogs from me and from my people, and I … Continue reading →

וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֥ן הַֽחֲרְטֻמִּ֖ים בְּלָטֵיהֶ֑ם וַיַּעֲל֥וּ אֶת־הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֖ים עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ And the magicians did likewise with their secret arts and brought up the frogs upon the land of Mitsrayim.   Morphology וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֥ן (vayyaʿasu-khen) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with … Continue reading →

וַיֵּ֤ט אַהֲרֹן֙ אֶת־יָדֹ֔ו עַ֖ל מֵימֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם וַתַּ֨עַל֙ הַצְּפַרְדֵּ֔עַ וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ And Aharon stretched out his hand over the waters of Mitsrayim, and the frog came up and covered the land of Mitsrayim.   Morphology וַיֵּ֤ט (vayyet) – Root: נטה … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֒ אֱמֹ֣ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֗ן נְטֵ֤ה אֶת־יָדְךָ֙ בְּמַטֶּ֔ךָ עַל־הַ֨נְּהָרֹ֔ת עַל־הַיְאֹרִ֖ים וְעַל־הָאֲגַמִּ֑ים וְהַ֥עַל אֶת־הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֖ים עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ And YHWH said to Moshe, “Say to Aharon, ’Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers, over the canals, and over the ponds, … Continue reading →

וּבְכָ֥ה וּֽבְעַמְּךָ֖ וּבְכָל־עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ יַעֲל֖וּ הַֽצְפַרְדְּעִֽים׃ And against you, and your people, and all your servants, the frogs will come up.”’”   Morphology וּבְכָ֥ה (u-vekha) – Root: בך (b-kh); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “Against you”; Notes: Refers directly to … Continue reading →

וְשָׁרַ֣ץ הַיְאֹר֮ צְפַרְדְּעִים֒ וְעָלוּ֙ וּבָ֣אוּ בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ וּבַחֲדַ֥ר מִשְׁכָּבְךָ֖ וְעַל־מִטָּתֶ֑ךָ וּבְבֵ֤ית עֲבָדֶ֨יךָ֙ וּבְעַמֶּ֔ךָ וּבְתַנּוּרֶ֖יךָ וּבְמִשְׁאֲרֹותֶֽיךָ׃ The River will swarm with frogs, and they will come up and enter your house, into your bedroom, onto your bed, into the houses of your … Continue reading →

וְאִם־מָאֵ֥ן אַתָּ֖ה לְשַׁלֵּ֑חַ הִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֗י נֹגֵ֛ף אֶת־כָּל־גְּבוּלְךָ֖ בַּֽצְפַרְדְּעִֽים׃ But if you refuse to let them go, behold, I will strike all your borders with frogs.   Morphology וְאִם־ (veʾim) – Root: אם (ʾ-m); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “But if”; Notes: Introduces … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֹּ֖א אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ And YHWH said to Moshe, “Go to Parʿo and say to him, ‘Thus says YHWH: “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.   Morphology וַיֹּ֤אמֶר … Continue reading →

וַיִּמָּלֵ֖א שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֑ים אַחֲרֵ֥י הַכֹּות־יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הַיְאֹֽר׃ פ And seven days were fulfilled after YHWH struck the River.   Morphology וַיִּמָּלֵ֖א (vayyimmale) – Root: מלא (m-l-ʾ); Form: Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it was fulfilled”; Notes: Indicates … Continue reading →

וַיַּחְפְּר֧וּ כָל־מִצְרַ֛יִם סְבִיבֹ֥ת הַיְאֹ֖ר מַ֣יִם לִשְׁתֹּ֑ות כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָֽכְלוּ֙ לִשְׁתֹּ֔ת מִמֵּימֵ֖י הַיְאֹֽר׃ And all of Mitsrayim dug around the River for water to drink, for they could not drink from the water of the River.   Morphology וַיַּחְפְּר֧וּ (vayachperu) – … Continue reading →

וַיִּ֣פֶן פַּרְעֹ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֖א אֶל־בֵּיתֹ֑ו וְלֹא־שָׁ֥ת לִבֹּ֖ו גַּם־לָזֹֽאת׃ And Parʿo turned and went into his house, and he did not set his heart even to this.   Morphology וַיִּ֣פֶן (vayyifen) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav … Continue reading →

וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֛ן חַרְטֻמֵּ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּלָטֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֶּחֱזַ֤ק לֵב־פַּרְעֹה֙ וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣ע אֲלֵהֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ And the magicians of Mitsrayim did so with their secret arts, and Parʿo’s heart was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as YHWH had spoken.   Morphology … Continue reading →

וְהַדָּגָ֨ה אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֥ר מֵ֨תָה֙ וַיִּבְאַ֣שׁ הַיְאֹ֔ר וְלֹא־יָכְל֣וּ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִשְׁתֹּ֥ות מַ֖יִם מִן־הַיְאֹ֑ר וַיְהִ֥י הַדָּ֖ם בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ The fish that were in the River died, and the River stank, and the Mitsrayim could not drink water from the River, and there was blood … Continue reading →

וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה וְאַהֲרֹ֜ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֤רֶם בַּמַּטֶּה֙ וַיַּ֤ךְ אֶת־הַמַּ֨יִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּיְאֹ֔ר לְעֵינֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה וּלְעֵינֵ֖י עֲבָדָ֑יו וַיֵּהָֽפְכ֛וּ כָּל־הַמַּ֥יִם אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֖ר לְדָֽם׃ And Moshe and Aharon did so, as YHWH commanded, and he lifted up the staff and struck the water that … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה אֱמֹ֣ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֡ן קַ֣ח מַטְּךָ֣ וּנְטֵֽה־יָדְךָ֩ עַל־מֵימֵ֨י מִצְרַ֜יִם עַֽל־נַהֲרֹתָ֣ם עַל־יְאֹרֵיהֶ֣ם וְעַל־אַגְמֵיהֶ֗ם וְעַ֛ל כָּל־מִקְוֵ֥ה מֵימֵיהֶ֖ם וְיִֽהְיוּ־דָ֑ם וְהָ֤יָה דָם֙ בְּכָל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וּבָעֵצִ֖ים וּבָאֲבָנִֽים׃ And YHWH said to Moshe, “Say to Aharon, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over … Continue reading →

וְהַדָּגָ֧ה אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֛ר תָּמ֖וּת וּבָאַ֣שׁ הַיְאֹ֑ר וְנִלְא֣וּ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִשְׁתֹּ֥ות מַ֖יִם מִן־הַיְאֹֽר׃ ס And the fish that are in the River shall die, and the River shall stink, and the Mitsrayim shall weary themselves to drink water from the River.”   Morphology … Continue reading →

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה בְּזֹ֣את תֵּדַ֔ע כִּ֖י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י מַכֶּ֣ה בַּמַּטֶּ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדִ֗י עַל־הַמַּ֛יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּיְאֹ֖ר וְנֶהֶפְכ֥וּ לְדָֽם׃ Thus says YHWH, “By this you shall know that I am YHWH. Behold, I will strike with the staff that is in … Continue reading →

וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הָעִבְרִים֙ שְׁלָחַ֤נִי אֵלֶ֨יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר שַׁלַּח֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י וְיַֽעַבְדֻ֖נִי בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְהִנֵּ֥ה לֹא־שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ עַד־כֹּֽה׃ And you shall say to him: ‘YHWH, the God of the ʿIvrim, has sent me to you, saying, “Send My people so they may serve … Continue reading →

לֵ֣ךְ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֞ה בַּבֹּ֗קֶר הִנֵּה֙ יֹצֵ֣א הַמַּ֔יְמָה וְנִצַּבְתָּ֥ לִקְרָאתֹ֖ו עַל־שְׂפַ֣ת הַיְאֹ֑ר וְהַמַּטֶּ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ לְנָחָ֖שׁ תִּקַּ֥ח בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃ Go to Parʿo in the morning. Behold, he goes out to the water, and you shall stand to meet him by the bank of the … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה כָּבֵ֖ד לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה מֵאֵ֖ן לְשַׁלַּ֥ח הָעָֽם׃ And YHWH said to Moshe, “Parʿo’s heart is heavy; he refuses to let the people go.   Morphology וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav … Continue reading →

וַיֶּחֱזַק֙ לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵהֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ And Parʿo’s heart was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as YHWH had spoken.   Morphology וַיֶּחֱזַק֙ (vayyeḥezaq) – Root: חזק (ḥ-z-q); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav … Continue reading →

וַיַּשְׁלִ֨יכוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מַטֵּ֔הוּ וַיִּהְי֖וּ לְתַנִּינִ֑ם וַיִּבְלַ֥ע מַטֵּֽה־אַהֲרֹ֖ן אֶת־מַטֹּתָֽם׃ And each man cast his staff, and they became serpents; but Aharon’s staff swallowed their staffs.   Morphology וַיַּשְׁלִ֨יכוּ֙ (vayyashlikhu) – Root: שלך (sh-l-kh); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; … Continue reading →

וַיִּקְרָא֙ גַּם־פַּרְעֹ֔ה לַֽחֲכָמִ֖ים וְלַֽמְכַשְּׁפִ֑ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֨וּ גַם־הֵ֜ם חַרְטֻמֵּ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּלַהֲטֵיהֶ֖ם כֵּֽן׃ And Parʿo also called for the wise men and the sorcerers, and they, the magicians of Mitsrayim, also did the same with their enchantments.   Morphology וַיִּקְרָא֙ (vayiqra) – Root: … Continue reading →