Category Archives: Deuteronomy

חֲמַ֥ת תַּנִּינִ֖ם יֵינָ֑ם וְרֹ֥אשׁ פְּתָנִ֖ים אַכְזָֽר׃ Their wine is the venom of serpents, and the cruel poison of vipers.   Morphology חֲמַ֥ת (ḥamat) – Root: חֵמָה (ḥ-m-h); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “venom” or “wrath”; Notes: In this context, … Continue reading →

כִּֽי־מִגֶּ֤פֶן סְדֹם֙ גַּפְנָ֔ם וּמִשַּׁדְמֹ֖ת עֲמֹרָ֑ה עֲנָבֵ֨מֹו֙ עִנְּבֵי־רֹ֔ושׁ אַשְׁכְּלֹ֥ת מְרֹרֹ֖ת לָֽמֹו׃ For their vine is from the vine of Sedom, and from the fields of ʿAmora; their grapes are grapes of poison, their clusters are bitter to them.   Morphology כִּֽי־ … Continue reading →

כִּ֛י לֹ֥א כְצוּרֵ֖נוּ צוּרָ֑ם וְאֹיְבֵ֖ינוּ פְּלִילִֽים׃ For their rock is not like our Rock, even our enemies judge this.   Morphology כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כִּי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal or explanatory clause. לֹ֥א (lo) … Continue reading →

אֵיכָ֞ה יִרְדֹּ֤ף אֶחָד֙ אֶ֔לֶף וּשְׁנַ֖יִם יָנִ֣יסוּ רְבָבָ֑ה אִם־לֹא֙ כִּי־צוּרָ֣ם מְכָרָ֔ם וַֽיהוָ֖ה הִסְגִּירָֽם׃ How could one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight, unless their Rock had sold them and YHWH had delivered them up?   Morphology אֵיכָ֞ה … Continue reading →

ל֥וּ חָכְמ֖וּ יַשְׂכִּ֣ילוּ זֹ֑את יָבִ֖ינוּ לְאַחֲרִיתָֽם׃ If they were wise, they would understand this; they would discern their latter end.   Morphology ל֥וּ (lu) – Root: לוּ (l-u); Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “If only”; Notes: Introduces a hypothetical or wishful … Continue reading →

כִּי־גֹ֛וי אֹבַ֥ד עֵצֹ֖ות הֵ֑מָּה וְאֵ֥ין בָּהֶ֖ם תְּבוּנָֽה׃ “For a nation void of counsel are they, and there is no understanding in them.   Morphology כִּי־ (ki-) – Root: כי (k-i); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces an explanation or reason. … Continue reading →

לוּלֵ֗י כַּ֤עַס אֹויֵב֙ אָג֔וּר פֶּֽן־יְנַכְּר֖וּ צָרֵ֑ימֹו פֶּן־יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ יָדֵ֣ינוּ רָ֔מָה וְלֹ֥א יְהוָ֖ה פָּעַ֥ל כָּל־זֹֽאת׃ Were it not for the wrath of the enemy I feared, lest their adversaries misunderstand, lest they say, “Our hand is exalted, and not YHWH has done … Continue reading →

אָמַ֖רְתִּי אַפְאֵיהֶ֑ם אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה מֵאֱנֹ֖ושׁ זִכְרָֽם׃ ‘I said, “I will scatter them, I will cause their remembrance to cease from mankind.”   Morphology אָמַ֖רְתִּי (amarti) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I said”; Notes: Indicates a … Continue reading →

מִחוּץ֙ תְּשַׁכֶּל־חֶ֔רֶב וּמֵחֲדָרִ֖ים אֵימָ֑ה גַּם־בָּחוּר֙ גַּם־בְּתוּלָ֔ה יֹונֵ֖ק עִם־אִ֥ישׁ שֵׂיבָֽה׃ Outside, the sword will bereave, and inside, terror; both young man and virgin, nursing child with the man of gray hair.   Morphology מִחוּץ֙ (miḥuts) – Root: חוץ (ḥ-w-ts); Form: Preposition; … Continue reading →

מְזֵ֥י רָעָ֛ב וּלְחֻ֥מֵי רֶ֖שֶׁף וְקֶ֣טֶב מְרִירִ֑י וְשֶׁן־בְּהֵמֹות֙ אֲשַׁלַּח־בָּ֔ם עִם־חֲמַ֖ת זֹחֲלֵ֥י עָפָֽר׃ Emaciated by hunger, consumed by burning heat and deadly plague; I will send against them the teeth of beasts, with the venom of crawling things of the dust.   … Continue reading →

אַסְפֶּ֥ה עָלֵ֖ימֹו רָעֹ֑ות חִצַּ֖י אֲכַלֶּה־בָּֽם׃ ‘I will heap disasters upon them; My arrows I will spend against them.   Morphology אַסְפֶּ֥ה (aspeh) – Root: אסף (ʾ-s-f); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular with paragogic he; Translation: “I will heap”; Notes: … Continue reading →

כִּי־אֵשׁ֙ קָדְחָ֣ה בְאַפִּ֔י וַתִּיקַ֖ד עַד־שְׁאֹ֣ול תַּחְתִּ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אכַל אֶ֨רֶץ֙ וִֽיבֻלָ֔הּ וַתְּלַהֵ֖ט מֹוסְדֵ֥י הָרִֽים׃ For a fire is kindled in My anger, and it burns to the lowest She’ol, and it devours the earth and its produce, and it scorches the foundations … Continue reading →

הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּגֹ֥וי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃ They made Me jealous with that which is not God; they provoked Me to anger with their vanities. And I will make them jealous with those who are not … Continue reading →

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַסְתִּ֤ירָה פָנַי֙ מֵהֶ֔ם אֶרְאֶ֖ה מָ֣ה אַחֲרִיתָ֑ם כִּ֣י דֹ֤ור תַּהְפֻּכֹת֙ הֵ֔מָּה בָּנִ֖ים לֹא־אֵמֻ֥ן בָּֽם׃ And He said, ‘I will hide My face from them, I will see what their end will be; for they are a perverse generation, children in … Continue reading →

וַיַּ֥רְא יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּנְאָ֑ץ מִכַּ֥עַס בָּנָ֖יו וּבְנֹתָֽיו׃ And YHWH saw and despised, because of the provocation of His sons and His daughters.   Morphology וַיַּ֥רְא (vayar) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And … Continue reading →

צ֥וּר יְלָדְךָ֖ תֶּ֑שִׁי וַתִּשְׁכַּ֖ח אֵ֥ל מְחֹלְלֶֽךָ׃ The Rock who gave birth to you, you neglected, and you forgot the God who formed you.   Morphology צ֥וּר (tsur) – Root: צור (ts-u-r); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Rock”; Notes: A metaphor … Continue reading →

יִזְבְּח֗וּ לַשֵּׁדִים֙ לֹ֣א אֱלֹ֔הַ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א יְדָע֑וּם חֲדָשִׁים֙ מִקָּרֹ֣ב בָּ֔אוּ לֹ֥א שְׂעָר֖וּם אֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ They sacrificed to demons, not to God; to gods they did not know, new ones that came recently, whom your fathers did not fear.   Morphology יִזְבְּח֗וּ … Continue reading →

יַקְנִאֻ֖הוּ בְּזָרִ֑ים בְּתֹועֵבֹ֖ת יַכְעִיסֻֽהוּ׃ They provoked Him to jealousy with strangers; with abominations they angered Him.   Morphology יַקְנִאֻ֖הוּ (yaqniʾuhu) – Root: קנא (q-n-ʾ); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with pronominal suffix; Translation: “They provoked Him to jealousy”; … Continue reading →

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ וַיִּבְעָ֔ט שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ אֱלֹ֣והַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל צ֥וּר יְשֻׁעָתֹֽו׃ And Yeshurun grew fat and kicked; you grew fat, you grew thick, you became covered with fat. Then he forsook God who made him and despised the Rock … Continue reading →

חֶמְאַ֨ת בָּקָ֜ר וַחֲלֵ֣ב צֹ֗אן עִם־חֵ֨לֶב כָּרִ֜ים וְאֵילִ֤ים בְּנֵֽי־בָשָׁן֙ וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים עִם־חֵ֖לֶב כִּלְיֹ֣ות חִטָּ֑ה וְדַם־עֵנָ֖ב תִּשְׁתֶּה־חָֽמֶר׃ Butter of cattle and milk of the flock, with fat of lambs and rams, the offspring of Bashan, and goats; with fat of the kidneys of … Continue reading →

יַרְכִּבֵ֨הוּ֙ עַל־בָּמ֣וֹתֵי אָ֔רֶץ וַיֹּאכַ֖ל תְּנוּבֹ֣ת שָׂדָ֑י וַיֵּנִקֵ֤הוּ דְבַשׁ֙ מִסֶּ֔לַע וְשֶׁ֖מֶן מֵחַלְמִ֥ישׁ צֽוּר׃ He made him ride on the heights of the land, and he ate the produce of the field; He made him suck honey from the rock, and oil … Continue reading →

יְהוָ֖ה בָּדָ֣ד יַנְחֶ֑נּוּ וְאֵ֥ין עִמֹּ֖ו אֵ֥ל נֵכָֽר׃ YHWH alone guided him, and there was no foreign god with him.   Morphology יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The sacred name of the God … Continue reading →

כְּנֶ֨שֶׁר֙ יָעִ֣יר קִנֹּ֔ו עַל־גֹּוזָלָ֖יו יְרַחֵ֑ף יִפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפָיו֙ יִקָּחֵ֔הוּ יִשָּׂאֵ֖הוּ עַל־אֶבְרָתֹֽו׃ Like an eagle that stirs up its nest, hovers over its young, spreads its wings, takes them, carries them on its pinions.   Morphology כְּנֶ֨שֶׁר֙ (kenesher) – Root: נשר (n-sh-r); … Continue reading →

יִמְצָאֵ֨הוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִדְבָּ֔ר וּבְתֹ֖הוּ יְלֵ֣ל יְשִׁמֹ֑ן יְסֹֽבְבֶ֨נְהוּ֙ יְבֹ֣ונְנֵ֔הוּ יִצְּרֶ֖נְהוּ כְּאִישֹׁ֥ון עֵינֹֽו׃ He found him in a desert land, and in the waste of a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He gave him understanding, He guarded him like the pupil of … Continue reading →

כִּ֛י חֵ֥לֶק יְהֹוָ֖ה עַמֹּ֑ו יַעֲקֹ֖ב חֶ֥בֶל נַחֲלָתֹֽו׃ For YHWH’s portion is His people; Yaʿaqov is the allotment of His inheritance.   Morphology כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal explanation. חֵ֥לֶק (ḥeleq) – … Continue reading →

בְּהַנְחֵ֤ל עֶלְיֹון֙ גֹּויִ֔ם בְּהַפְרִידֹ֖ו בְּנֵ֣י אָדָ֑ם יַצֵּב֙ גְּבֻלֹ֣ת עַמִּ֔ים לְמִסְפַּ֖ר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ When Elyon gave the nations their inheritance, when He separated the sons of Adam, He set the boundaries of the peoples according to the number of the sons … Continue reading →

זְכֹר֙ יְמֹ֣ות עֹולָ֔ם בִּ֖ינוּ שְׁנֹ֣ות דֹּור־וָדֹ֑ור שְׁאַ֤ל אָבִ֨יךָ֙ וְיַגֵּ֔דְךָ זְקֵנֶ֖יךָ וְיֹ֥אמְרוּ לָֽךְ׃ Remember the days of old; consider the years of many generations. Ask your father, and he will tell you; your elders, and they will say to you.   … Continue reading →

הֲ־לַיְהוָה֙ תִּגְמְלוּ־זֹ֔את עַ֥ם נָבָ֖ל וְלֹ֣א חָכָ֑ם הֲלֹוא־הוּא֙ אָבִ֣יךָ קָּנֶ֔ךָ ה֥וּא עָֽשְׂךָ֖ וַֽיְכֹנְנֶֽךָ׃ Is this how you repay YHWH, foolish and unwise people? Is He not your Father, your Creator? He made you and established you.   Morphology הֲ־לַיְהוָה֙ (ha-layHWH) – … Continue reading →

שִׁחֵ֥ת לֹ֛ו לֹ֖א בָּנָ֣יו מוּמָ֑ם דֹּ֥ור עִקֵּ֖שׁ וּפְתַלְתֹּֽל׃ They have dealt corruptly with Him; they are not His children, the defect is theirs, a perverse and crooked generation.   Morphology שִׁחֵ֥ת (shiḥet) – Root: שׁחת (sh-ḥ-t); Form: Piel perfect 3rd … Continue reading →

הַצּוּר֙ תָּמִ֣ים פָּעֳלֹ֔ו כִּ֥י כָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו מִשְׁפָּ֑ט אֵ֤ל אֱמוּנָה֙ וְאֵ֣ין עָ֔וֶל צַדִּ֥יק וְיָשָׁ֖ר הֽוּא׃ The Rock, His work is perfect, for all His ways are justice; a God of faithfulness and without iniquity, righteous and upright is He.   Morphology הַצּוּר֙ … Continue reading →